{"id":86,"date":"2024-12-13T15:35:12","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T08:35:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/a-de-sa.html"},"modified":"2024-12-13T15:35:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T08:35:12","slug":"a-de-sa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/a-de-sa.html","title":{"rendered":"A \u0110\u1ec0 SA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef A \u0110\u1ec0 SA trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb A \u0110\u1ec0 SA theo t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<div class=\"dt-abc-1\">\n<h2>A \u0110\u1ec0 SA<\/h2>\n<div class=\"f-detail clearfix\">\n                    \u963f\u63d0\u6c99; S: at\u012b\u015ba, ati\u015ba; A-\u0111\u1ec1-sa l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t, d\u1ecbch \u00fd l\u00e0 \u00bbNg\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc\u00ab, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nhi\u00ean \u00d0\u0103ng C\u00e1t T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed (\u71c3\u71c8\u5409\u7965\u667a; S: d\u012bpa\u1e45ka-ra\u015br\u012bj\u00f1\u0101na);<\/p>\n<div>\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\n\t\u00d0\u1ea1i s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00d0\u00f4ng \u1ea4n (982-1054), ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o sang T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. S\u01b0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m (S: bodhicitta). L\u00e0 T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng Ma-ki\u1ec7t-\u0111a (S: magadha) v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Si\u00eau Gi\u1edbi (S: vikrama\u015b\u012bla), S\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi qua T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 12 n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. S\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Cam-\u0111an (t: kadampa), g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho n\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng C\u00e1ch-l\u1ed7 (t: gelugpa) c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng-kh\u00e1ch-ba (t: tsong-kha-pa). \u00d0\u1ec7 t\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 l\u00e0 L\u1ea1c-m\u1eabu-\u0111\u00f4ng (ho\u1eb7c \u00d0\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ed1n [t: dromton], 1003-1064).<\/div>\n<div>\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\n\tTh\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 10 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9 qua T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, th\u00f4ng qua v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 vua c\u1eed s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 qua \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9 th\u1ec9nh kinh, nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 L\u00e2m-th\u00e2n Tang-pha (t: rinchen sangpo). V\u1ec1 sau nh\u00e0 vua m\u1eddi h\u1eb3n m\u1ed9t Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 A-\u0111\u1ec1-sa. N\u0103m 1042, S\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Netang v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1.<\/div>\n<div>\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n<div>\n\tTrong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u0103ng (S: bodhipathaprad\u012bpa), S\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u00d0\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 chia h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 theo ba c\u0103n c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau: 1. H\u1ea1 s\u0129: lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh n\u01a1i t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh, 2. Trung s\u0129: lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu v\u00ec s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh (Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba ) v\u00e0 3. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129: lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu v\u00ec s\u1ef1 Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh (B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t ). C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a A-\u0111\u1ec1-sa l\u00e0 x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kinh s\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1eeba b\u00e3i. S\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a \u00d0a-la (S: t\u0101r\u0101) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb n\u1eef H\u1ed9 Th\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng . Trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ee9 t\u00e1c, S\u01b0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt : quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng (S: \u015b\u016bnyat\u0101) c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ee5 (S: n\u0101g\u0101rjuna) v\u00e0 t\u00ednh bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 theo V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc (S: asa\u1e45ga).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>C\u1ea3m \u01a1n qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 tra c\u1ee9u T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc online tr\u00ean trang nh\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/\">niemphat.vn<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi A \u0110\u1ec0 SA t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/\">t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc online<\/a>:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef A \u0110\u1ec0 SA trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb A \u0110\u1ec0 SA theo t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau: A \u0110\u1ec0 SA \u963f\u63d0\u6c99; S: at\u012b\u015ba, ati\u015ba; A-\u0111\u1ec1-sa l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t, d\u1ecbch \u00fd l\u00e0 \u00bbNg\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-86","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-a","7":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/86\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=86"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=86"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}