{"id":931,"date":"2025-07-10T14:11:19","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T07:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/bac-tong.html"},"modified":"2025-07-10T14:11:19","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T07:11:19","slug":"bac-tong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/bac-tong.html","title":{"rendered":"B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG theo t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

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B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG<\/h2>\n
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N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng hay Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n, B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra ngo\u00e0i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, theo hai nh\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Sri Lanka, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchia, L\u00e0o v.v\u2026 Nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng, Nam truy\u1ec1n, hay Nam ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y (hay Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Theravada), d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt ch\u1eef P\u00e0li, cho n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o P\u00e0li. M\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba (Hirayana), tuy r\u1eb1ng, hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y, v\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u1ea7m \u00fd ch\u00ea bai, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
Nh\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Trung \u00c1, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Trung Hoa, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng, B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, hay B\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n. Nh\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Sanskrit, cho n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Sanskrit.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
N\u00f3i chung, nh\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf. Nh\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, uy\u1ec3n [tr.88] chuy\u1ec3n h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i thay c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp thu v\u00e0 dung n\u1ea1p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan. Nh\u00e1nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba (Mahayana), tuy r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, v\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0m \u00fd t\u1ee9 cao ng\u1ea1o, t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc tong ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
1. Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Ph\u1ea1n (Sanskrit), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n T\u1ea1ng, ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 kinh T\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i. Nam t\u00f4ng theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Nam Ph\u1ea1n (P\u00e0li), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Th\u00e1i, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Campuchia, L\u00e0o, T\u00edch Lan, Hindi, ti\u1ebfng Anh, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v.v\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
2. Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt: B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt T\u1ee9 ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 250 gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ec th\u00eam 48 lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Nam t\u00f4ng theo gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o b\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m 221 gi\u1edbi T\u1ef7 kheo. Hai b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt T\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 P\u00e0li \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt Sekhiya (H\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p), P\u00e0li ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 75, c\u00f2n T\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
3. Y ph\u1ee5c: B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7c \u00e1o tr\u00e0ng hay \u00e1o nh\u1eadt b\u00ecnh, m\u00e0u lam, m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, c\u00f3 khi m\u00e0u \u0111en. Khi l\u00e0m l\u1ec5, \u0111\u1eafp y v\u00e0ng g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea5m kh\u00e2u l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
Nam t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eafp y v\u00e0ng, khi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hay khi \u0111i l\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n\t\u00a0<\/div>\n
4. \u0102n u\u1ed1ng: B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0103n chay, tr\u1eeb ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c. Ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng \u1edf Nam t\u00f4ng \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n chay, ai c\u00fang g\u00ec th\u00ec ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn; kh\u00f4ng an qu\u00e1 gi\u1edd ng\u1ecd t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Nam t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

C\u1ea3m \u01a1n qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 tra c\u1ee9u T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc online tr\u00ean trang nh\u00e0 niemphat.vn<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc online<\/a>:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG theo t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1eaeC T\u00d4NG N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng hay Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n, B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-931","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-b","7":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=931"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.niemphat.vn\/tudien\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}